Mental Health Service User Case Study

Emotional well-being Service User Case Study 1.1 Decision making by medical attendants is currently immovably settled practically speaking, arrangement and instructive plans. New continually advancing, jobs, and an approach setting that is testing customary expert limits imply that, like never before, medical attendants are being given independence and capacity to have the option to practice their choice options (Thompson, 2001). 1.2 Clinical dynamic might be characterized as having an assortment of choices and decisions and a procedure that medical caretakers attempt during their regular exercises while thinking about assistance clients. It as a rule includes medical attendants making decisions about the consideration that they give to support clients (Thompson et al, 2002). Correspondingly ONeill et al (2005) contends that clinical dynamic is an unpredictable movement that requires medical caretakers and other wellbeing experts to be learned in pertinent parts of nursing, to approach solid wellsprings of data and to work in a steady situation. 1.3 Shared dynamic then again is an intelligent community oriented procedure that happens between the medical attendant and the administration client that is utilized to settle on medicinal services choices. Adams and Drake (2006) note that in shared dynamic the attendant turns into an advisor to the administration client, assisting with giving data, to examine alternatives, to explain qualities and inclinations and to help the administration clients independence (p.88). 1.4 Policy changes and patterns in proficient improvement inside the most recent decade have repeated the significance that medical caretakers and other applicable wellbeing experts need to perceive that the choices they have directly affect social insurance results and administration clients encounters (DH, 2000). 1.5 Decisions can be handily inspected as choice trees which give an exceptionally successful structure inside which a wide range of choices can be investigated (Goetz, 2010). Goetz (2010) further contends that the choice tree urges individuals to thoroughly consider their alternatives, to act intentionally and with thought. It has likewise been proposed by Corcoran (1986, refered to in Bonner, 2001, p.350) that the choice tree can give an unmistakable structure which assists with surveying a scope of activities that wellbeing experts may pick when settling on choices in regards to the consideration and treatment of a help client. 1.6 interestingly, Bonner (2001) contends that the choice tree is under explored inside the extent of emotional well-being practice. He recognizes that the utilization of the choice tree by and by permits medical caretakers to look at the alternatives accessible to them in more detail, while additionally considering the mind boggling factors that impact the dynamic procedure. 1.7 It would be normal that the choice tree is progressively organized and ranges a particular timeframe which will be resolved inside the Justifications segment of this report. 2. Philosophy 2.1 The reason for this report is to recognize a help client with whom one was as of now working with practically speaking. Utilizing a choice tree, the administration clients excursion will be itemized from their present wellbeing needs from the purpose of referral to emotional well-being administrations to the current point in time. When the choice tree is shaped, it will at that point be basic to recognize up to three basic choice focuses and dissect the dynamic procedure for every choice picked. 2.2 The data required to shape the choice tree is to be accumulated during an hour long unstructured meeting with the administration client, which can be thought of as a guided discussion. The explanation that this sort of system will be used is on the grounds that unstructured meetings permit a specific spotlight on explicit regions through asking open-finished inquiries yet additionally take into consideration tests and follow-up inquiries to be utilized so as to successfully acquire more data to develop the choice tree as precisely as could be expected under the circumstances (Streubert Carpenter, 1999). 2.3 In request to guarantee that the data accumulated is exact, it will be gainful to shape a life saver with the administration client, taking a gander at significant life occasions and choices that have been made. This life saver can be found in Appendix 1. 2.4 It will likewise be basic to investigate the administration clients clinical notes (with their assent) so as to increase a more clear thought of occasions that have happened, the crucial choice focuses and whether administration client association was obvious all through. 2.5 The choice tree that was framed can be found in Appendix 2. 3. Avocation 3.1 The administration client that will give the focal point of this report will be alluded to as Sarah (a bogus name so as to look after privacy). 3.2 Sarah is a 43-year old woman who has an analysis of marginal character issue. She has had various admissions to mental units including confirmations under the Mental Health Act (See Appendix 3 for supporting data). 3.3 Sarah was picked in light of the fact that it was felt that the she would have the option to give a decent history and record of occasions that have happened in her past comparable to the consideration and treatment that she has gotten. Sarah was likewise regarded to have limit and was in this manner reasonable to partake inside this bit of work. 3.4 The timescale that the choice tree spreads will center upon a 6-year history whereby Sarah started her first contact with grown-up intense psychological wellness administrations. This will be investigated up to the current point in time. 3.5 During the social occasion of data, both essential and auxiliary sources were utilized. Essential sources allude to direct records of occasions that have happened (for example meet with administration client). In examination, optional sources allude to data that has just been recorded from an earlier time (for example clinical/nursing notes). It was chosen to utilize the two sources as they would give data more extravagant in legitimacy and guarantee the dependability of the discoveries. 3.6 The report will cross the limits between in-tolerant consideration and network administrations inside the North of England. The key choice focuses that have been decided for examination inside this report were picked on the grounds that it was apparent that a few choices had a specific level of administration client association in correlation with others whereby administration client contribution didn't appear to be available. This does anyway acquaint a discussion in respects with administration client association in light of the fact that those choices that didn't include Sarah and that were made for her sake, can be contended were made to the greatest advantage of the individual for example admission to medical clinic to guarantee Sarahs wellbeing and prosperity. 3.7 Each of the choices will currently be exclusively broke down with a particular concentration upon the choice itself, the issues that they may include and the ideas that they may present. 4. Alluded and taken onto caseload with a Community Mental Health Team following door keeping evaluation (See Appendix 4) 4.1 Sarah was alluded to her neighborhood network psychological wellness group following a visit to her General Practitioner (GP) whom was stressed over oneself hurting contemplations that Sarah was presently encountering. The General Practitioner was extremely worried about Sarahs clear weakening in her psychological wellness, in this way he felt that it was important to allude her to the network emotional wellness group who might then have the option to offer evaluation and work starting there onwards. The GP examined this with Sarah who admitted to being somewhat anxious in advance anyway after a brief period whereby she had the option to consider her present conditions, Sarah was pleasing to this. 4.2 Borg et al (2009) contends that administration client association has a urgent noteworthiness particularly for people that work inside a network emotional wellness setting as this includes getting to patients in their own homes (p.285). Sarah felt that she had built up a decent affinity with her locale mental medical attendant since Sarah was constantly offered decisions regarding her consideration and treatment and she felt effectively engaged with the choices that were made. The remedial relationship that was created among Sarah and her locale mental medical caretaker likewise assumed a crucial job in Sarahs care as Reynolds and Scott (2000) contend that it is through this helpful relationship that we can survey the requirements of the patients that we work with and afterward plan future consideration to aid their recuperation. 4.3 A significant thought is the potential hazard engaged with keeping up Sarahs emotional wellness in the network. This was unmistakably recorded inside Sarahs treatment plan with explicit activities illustrated and emergency contact numbers gave to both Sarah and her Husband. The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (2009) gives direction on chance appraisal in patients with a determination of depressed character issue. It educates that the hazard evaluation should happen as a feature of a full appraisal of the patients needs and this is actually what happened because of the elevated level of hazard included and possible self-damage of Sarah inside the network. 4.4 The principle impacts behind the choice to make a referral to the neighborhood network emotional wellness group was Sarahs security and that she was so ready to look after this. Likewise if the GP felt that Sarah required an emergency clinic confirmation and there were no medical clinic beds accessible, at that point a referral to the network emotional wellness group or emergency goals would be fundamental. This hence would demonstrate that care and treatment is needy upon what assets are accessible at that particular time. 4.5 In request to guarantee that the right choices are made, the particular group must have a powerful administration style and an assortment of abilities among colleagues. The New Ways of Working practice execution control (DH, 2007) diagrams how a group can viably accomplish their most extreme potential. With the goal for this to be accomplished, various estimates must be tended to which incorporate; Centering upon aptitudes and coordinating these to the requirements of administration clients; Dispersing obligation reasonably among the group instead of

About Affirmative Action

About Affirmative Action Free Online Research Papers Governmental policy regarding minorities in society Essay Selina A. Griswold characterizes governmental policy regarding minorities in society as a lot of open approaches and activities intended to help kill over a wide span of time separation dependent on race, shading, religion, sex, or national cause. Governmental policy regarding minorities in society is a brilliant approach, which steps up and right a portion of the disasters looked by minorities individuals as well as females, yet a typical fantasy about governmental policy regarding minorities in society is that it stands to profit African-Americans the most. Nonetheless, the biggest recipient of governmental policy regarding minorities in society has been Caucasian ladies. This is on the grounds that governmental policy regarding minorities in society is intended to help break the unattainable rank, the hindrance that obstructs ladies from moving in the work environment, in male commanded callings. Another basic misguided judgment about governmental policy regarding minorities in society is that it goes connected at the hip with portions, when it is really founded on objectives. The explanation behind this is on the grounds that amounts are fixed numbers, and are typically surrendered after they are reached. Objectives then again are frequently surpassed and proceeded after they are reached, and infer something to be strived for instead of only a fixed number. A case of a share is an organization hoping to employ 35 minority laborers this year, and a case of an objective is an organization endeavoring to expand its stock of value minority laborers. As you see, quantities can nearly change the definition and point of governmental policy regarding minorities in society, along these lines as I would see it shares ought not be utilized while with respect to governmental policy regarding minorities in society. At the point when an organization must meet governmental policy regarding minorities in society shares, it can change governmental policy regarding minorities in society from a demonstration of equivalent open door into a glaring favorable position for minorities and ladies. Bring this model into point of view; An organization must recruit â€Å"X† measure of shaded laborers, and â€Å"X† measure of females. Be that as it may, said organization has just utilized verbal publicizing, and just a modest quantity of qualified minorities have been educated. Presently so as to meet their portion, the organization must recruit any minorities that go after the position without respect for their expertise level or capabili ties on account of an absence of reasonable competitors. Without governmental policy regarding minorities in society quantities, the organization would just need to enlist minority laborers who are precisely equipped for the activity as opposed to battling to meet a portion to stay away from some punishment or addition an impetus. Governmental policy regarding minorities in society likewise grows enlisting and preparing procedures. It increments enrolling methods since when it is executed, organizations endeavor to select from a bigger pool of progressively differing individuals. This implies said organization may be compelled to utilize distinctive publicizing techniques to arrive at territories that they might not have previously. Governmental policy regarding minorities in society extends preparing strategies since organizations are endeavoring to prepare individuals from a bigger scope of ethnicities and aptitude levels, subsequently the organization must utilize increasingly various techniques for preparing to get laborers to a â€Å"happy medium† of by and large expertise level. The similarity on page 352 is an ideal case of what governmental policy regarding minorities in society truly is or if nothing else ought to be. Numerous individuals make the naã ¯ve presumption that governmental policy regarding minorities in society is intended to give a bit of leeway to any female or ethnic minority regardless of what their expertise level when alluding to whatever position they are endeavoring to satisfy. This similarity gives you this isn't accurate. It gives the case of a hitter in baseball who when on the field is against the other nine cautious players and is in any case alone with the exception of his colleagues on the seat. The hitter speaks to a beneficiary of governmental policy regarding minorities in society, and the nine cautious players remain to speak to Caucasian male contender for a similar activity. The similarity at that point goes to make reference to that the hitter must gain his approach to base, and in the event that he hits the ball however doesn't make it to initially base then he is out paying little mind to the circumstance. This speaks to the way that if a governmental policy regarding minorities in society beneficiary can't gain their approach to be commendable for a vocation then the individual in question won't land the position and there is nothing that governmental policy regarding minorities in society can do to stop it, proportionate to being â€Å"out† in the similarity. At long last the relationship proceeds to express that in case of a tie where it can’t be resolved if the player got started in time, that the opportunity to be vindicated is given to the hitter in view of the nine to one chances that he confronted. This is comparable to a minority or a female being similarly qualified with a Caucasian male for an opening for work. Governmental policy regarding minorities in society would give the individual an edge over the Caucasian male as a result of the chances that are stacked against s aid individual due to past or current segregation. As per the article in â€Å"In Motion Magazine†, some Caucasian male undergrads didn't need to do battle in view of a law called school draft postponement, which essentially permitted understudies to maintain a strategic distance from the draft. This is a type of governmental policy regarding minorities in society that for the most part White guys profited by in light of the fact that a great many people of shading couldn't bear to attend a university, which made their suspension much more outlandish. It is additionally astonishing how nobody grumbled about this type of governmental policy regarding minorities in society, or when investors, ranchers, or White men of intensity get these motivators and it is frequently taken a gander at as a qualification. However the second that impetuses were extended to be given to hued residents and ladies there was a commotion of analysis. It is likewise amusing that a portion of similar individuals who profited by school delay or social bu ilding have an issue when a minority gets any type of upper hand. In what capacity can decided in the Supreme Court be against governmental policy regarding minorities in society, when there is certainly not a solitary appointed authority in that bunch who have not profited by a governmental policy regarding minorities in society? On the off chance that a preferred position for a minority is viewed as converse bigotry, at that point what is a bit of leeway for a White male thought of? Some portion of the motivation behind why governmental policy regarding minorities in society is such a hotly debated issue in America is a direct result of the manner in which the media speaks to it. It has been noted after some time that ladies are seldom all around spoke to in reports or articles covering the subject; and there are barely ever any cases in which there is an article giving an account of the governmental policy regarding minorities in society got by Caucasian guys all through any part of history. Substantially more regularly we see articles from authorize sources concentrating just on the African-American or Latino beneficiaries of governmental policy regarding minorities in society. Likewise in huge numbers of the articles, the terms â€Å"affirmative action† and â€Å"racial preference† are utilized reciprocally, giving the hallucination that governmental policy regarding minorities in society isn't an approach to give minorities an upper hand to rem ain in the vicinity of White male laborers, however rather an approach to endeavor to protect that organizations utilize Black and Latino specialists first. It at that point turns out to be a lot simpler to perceive how somebody could see governmental policy regarding minorities in society as converse prejudice with such shocking portrayal. In the event that governmental policy regarding minorities in society were in its actual structure, that is without standards that could make it a motivating force numbers based program, and with exact media portrayal, I don't accept that half of the individuals who contradict it currently still would. In this manner, I would not support a general public that didn't need governmental policy regarding minorities in society when in its actual structure. This being on the grounds that in its actual structure there is no part of governmental policy regarding minorities in society not to be wanted. I accept the main way that a general public couldn't need governmental policy regarding minorities in society in its actual state would be on the off chance that they were misguided about what its actual state is. Taking everything into account, governmental policy regarding minorities in society can be an incredible procedure planned for revising past slip-ups. America’s just issue with it comes from its media portrayal, and if it somehow managed to be amended just the strictest of nay Sayers could restrict it. The inquiry that I currently present is to what extent will it be before the media at long last chooses to precisely cover this theme, and when that day comes will the individuals who despite everything restrict it endeavor to think of some other method of undermining the procedure? The truth will surface eventually. Research Papers on About Affirmative ActionMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesDefinition of Export QuotasAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaTwilight of the UAWComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoThe Hockey GameRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andResearch Process Part OneHip-Hop is ArtOpen Architechture a white paper

Chalice Chapter 4 Free Essays

string(157) and the Housemen ventured back †excessively rapidly, excessively far †and the Master lifted his correct hand, and the shroud fell back from it. â€Å"I was set up for this or something like this; I thought I was readied. In any case, I accepted that we would reconnect in the land †I would not have come in any case †and that has not occurred. I have started to expect that maybe I do hear the land any more either. We will compose a custom article test on Vessel Chapter 4 or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now † â€Å"Do you?† she said. She didn't imagine that this interrupting the flow of the conversation was a lot of more terrible than her last, in spite of the fact that to inquire as to whether he could feel his own territory was past any possible break of manners, of law; on the off chance that she had thought of it, she would have expected lightning †the Fire of the sky †to strike her dead before she got done with saying you. Yet, she didn't consider it. She thought of her territory †their property †which so gravely required its Master, and what she heard in Willowlands’ Master’s voice was despair. She knew depression, and she would draw him away from it in the event that she could, both for the land’s purpose and for his own †and for hers. Also, maybe if a Chalice couldn't talk straightforwardly to her Master, nobody could. â€Å"Do you hear your territory speak?† He was quiet; quiet long enough that she may have thought of what she had stated, of the dishonesty and shiftiness of the question she had challenged put to her Master. In any case, she didn't consider it. She considered just what he may answer her; and appealed to God for him to state that he was still Master. â€Å"I trusted I did,† he said finally. â€Å"I felt †something †the second the carriage bringing me here crossed the limit from Talltrees. I have imagined that piece of my fatigue was not just that a minister of Fire can not, at this point live as human, however that the land †my property †stepped me back toward it so rapidly that I was torn in two, among it and my preparation in Fire; that it required my quality, and drew it callously from me, when I had little to give. I lay wakeful all the primary night here, tuning in, when I was so fatigued I was unable to stand, and when what I heard appeared to be half dream†¦.† His voice trailed away and she said rapidly: â€Å"No, it is regularly similar to that for me as well, still; I have thought it is on the grounds that I am so new to it and on the grounds that I was not called to it and reproduced up in it the correct way, yet grabbed, nearly taken, out of my previous lifestyle and pounded down in this one. I think maybe it resembles dreaming, however like dreaming as a breeze resembles a tempest wind. In the event that all you know is breezes, at that point your first tempest wind is †† And then at last, belatedly, it happened to her to whom she was talking and what she was stating, and she halted and regained some composure †half in fear, half in disgrace †however even as she did she suspected, He addresses me unmistakably enough. Likely, in light of the fact that this was neither the time nor the spot, she felt for her own landsense, and it was in that spot, close, strong, consistent †closer and steadier than she would h ave anticipated that it should be, on the off chance that it were not likewise reacting to the nearness of the Master. He stated: â€Å"This morning, presently, your words to me, have been the principal human words I believe I have really heard since I shown up five months back. I bless your heart. You give me hope.† And afterward the Grand Seneschal showed up in the entryway, and frowned at them both as though he couldn’t help himself, before coming to make his deference to the Master with a smooth, deferential face. His understudy, Bringad, tailed him, looking stressed; Bringad consistently looked stressed. At that point a few additional individuals showed up, Circle individuals and chaperons and a couple of more students; at that point the components for ranchers and woodskeepers, for whom this gathering had been called; and more withdraws from were given. The woodskeepers’ factor, Gota, to whom she had once revealed, had not even once glanced her in the face since she became Chalice. She recognized his aware welcome with a hand signal that his downturned eyes ought to have the option to see, and murmured. Before long everybody who was to go to this gathering was available, all remaining behind their seats, trusting that the Master will sit first. The Chalice took up her cup and delayed; she had so far consistently decided to remain by the fundamental entryway during all House gatherings, in whichever room they were in. This was the least dubious spot for the Chalice to stand. She hadn’t yet had the opportunity to become familiar with the guidelines about remaining by a window, which were intricate, to do with the cardinal headings, the occasional edge of the sun, the situation of the House, and the earthlines that went through the demesne. The maths persecuted her, however she frequently considered thoughtfully having the option to remain in daylight. It was additionally flawlessly appropriate for the Chalice to remain by the Master’s right hand. In any case, when she took a gander at him, with the idea scarcely half shaped, she saw him with a little stun, for maybe the discussion they had quite recently had not occurred †but then the nonappearance of torment in her correct hand revealed to her that it had. In any case, the incredible shrouded figure remaining by the fire held force and authority as it held obscurity; their discussion couldn't in any way, shape or form have been what she appeared to half recollect it had been about. He may be abnormal, outsider, not, at this point human; yet he was unable to be questioned. This was the Master. She moved in the direction of the entryway. His voice halted her. â€Å"Stand by me,† he stated, and took two long, loping, quiet strides to the tall seat at the leader of the table. Two Housemen remained by it, holding back to slide it forward as the Master plunked down. He sat, and the Housemen ventured back †excessively rapidly, excessively far †and the Master lifted his correct hand, and the shroud fell back from it. You read Cup Chapter 4 in classification Exposition models She saw, in the low morning light, that a couple of fine hairs developed on its rear, similarly as on a human hand. She moved her hold on her cup, gladly turning the rear of her own perfect right hand toward the organization, and assumed up her position at the Master’s side. She heard the plans being made to visit the Well of the Red Fishes that evening, however she didn't focus. The Chalice would not need to join in; the Well required neither restricting nor quieting. She could return home and clear the floor and cleave the wood and converse with the honey bees †and read more hand-sewn books and disintegrating piecemeal original copies about Chalicehood. There was another gathering tomorrow she would need to stand Chalice to; and another the day after that. What's more, soon the Overlord’s operator would be coming back once more, to perceive how the new Master was settling in to his obligations. This is the thing that Overlords’ operators did, they visited their Overlord’s demesnes and examined any issues a Master may be having, in his own territories or with a neighboring Master; and in a troublesome Mastership †as when a Master passed on while his oldest child was as yet a kid †a mindful Overlord would send a specialist to that demesne all the more frequently. Be that as it may, for this situation she doubted the Overlord’s thought processes. She pondered again what Prelate said to the operator; and were not Prelate and Keepfast progressively neighborly? What's more, on the last event of the agent’s nearness in Willowlands had she not felt Keepfast had spoken excessively long and too ani matedly to the specialist moreover? She would carry the cup of solidarity to the gathering with Deager, and she would sprinkle a tad bit of its substance around the table before anybody showed up. When the Grand Seneschal had understood that he was left with her †when all the Circle had become surrendered to her as the new Chalice, that there was never be a way out through concluding that the signs had been understood wrong or the poles had fallen inaccurately †they had attempted to convince her to move out of her little cabin and into the House. Cups lived in their Houses. In any case, she would not like to move, not least in light of the fact that the Grand Seneschal and a few of the others of the Circle, including Keepfast, did live at the House; and there was no standard that the Chalice should live at the House. She was as yet apprehensive that such a standard would turn up some place, despite the fact that she questioned any of the Circle were still effectively looking for it. Something she’d learnt on her own worn out, dazed, crisscross way was that the best wellsprings of helpful data were frequently in odd spots, and she thought about whether any of the Circle were innovative enough to figure this, after they’d run their fingers down different files and inventories and neglected to discover â€Å"Chalice, living quarters, prerequisites of† anyplace. She needed to feel that none of the Circle were inventive enough, yet she didn’t dare; trust was risky, and might make her wild or progressively powerless †about where she lived or whatever else. She considered what she would do in the event that she herself found a standard about the lead of a Chalice that she would not like to †couldn't carry herself to †adjust to. She was certain the Grand Seneschal and the remainder of the Circle didn’t truly need her at the House either; the endeavor had been to make her look progressively like what they accepted a Chali ce ought to resemble †and maybe living at the House would for sure saturate her ungainly woodskeeper’s ways till she seemed as though somebody who had a place there, if maybe not somebody as famous and faultless as a Chalice ought to be. In any case, the endeavor had fizzled, and living a good ways off had never made her late or indiscreet of her obligations (in spite of the fact that it frequently helped make her shy of rest). She thought too that the time it went for her to stroll to the House and back again was a sort of brain cleari

Differentiation As A Competitive Strategy Marketing - 2750 Words

Differentiation As A Competitive Strategy Marketing (Term Paper Sample) Content: DIFFERENTIATION AS A COMPETITIVE STRATEGY By (Name).Course:Professor: University:Date:Introduction.Organizations employ different strategies to outsmart their rivals in the competitive business environment. The strategies employed must be smart, robust and attain a competitive advantage for the organization. According to Michael Porter and the generic competitive strategies, the relative position of an organization within its industry determines whether its profitability is below or above the industry average (Tanwar 2013). The primary fundamental basis of profitability above average in the long term is sustainable competitive advantage. According to Tanwar (2013) in the article Porters generic competitive strategies, the two primary types of competitive advantage that can be possessed by an organization: differentiation or low cost. The two primary competitive advantage types combined with the scope of processes or activities for which an organization seeks to achiev e them, contribute to three generic strategies for excellent performance in an industry: differentiation, focus, and cost leadership (Tanwar 2013). In cost leadership, an organization should set out to become the low cost manufacturer or producer in the industry. Some of the varied sources of cost leadership include preferential access to raw materials, proprietary technology, the pursuit of economies of scale, and other factors (Animesh, Viswanathan, and Agarwal 2011). Secondly, focus generic strategy rests on the opportunity or choice of a very small and narrow competitive scope within a market or industry (Tanwar: 15). Focusers select a group or segment in the mentioned industry and tailors its business strategies to serve them to the exclusion of other groups or segments. Differentiation strategy According to Porters generic competitive strategies, differentiation strategy is employed by business organizations to increase and improve the perceived industry value of their produc ts or brands as a way of enticing buyers to choose their brands, products and services over substitute offered by companies in the same industry, and are their competitors (Animesh, Viswanathan, and Agarwal 2011). A differentiation strategy calls for the organization to develop its products and services in a way that they offer unique features and attributes valued by the customers. The customers should perceive these products and services to offer better value than others from industry competition. The value added by the product or service uniqueness may allow the organization to charge premium prices for the goods and services (Animesh, Viswanathan, and Agarwal 2011). The organization in most cases hope that the higher prices charged because of the extra value addition will cover the extra production costs incurred in making the product or service outstanding and unique (Animesh, Viswanathan, and Agarwal 2011). Because of the unique attributes and features of the product, if supp liers increase their prices the organization is able to pass along the costs to the customers who would be unable to easily find substitute products. The focus of differentiation strategy is creation of products and services that stand out in the market, hence providing a competitive edge for the organization (Banker, Mashruwala, and Tripathy 2014). On what foundations are implementation of differentiation strategy based? The foundations of the implementation of differentiation strategy are the levels of products and services, the level and degree of competition in the industry, and the changing customer needs with the constantly changing business environments. Achieving and implementing differentiation strategy as a competitive advantage.Organizations can implement and carry out differentiation strategy using different techniques or methods. Through implementation of the differentiation strategy, the users brand loyalty is successfully cultivated and the corporation avoids the ri sks associated with directly confronting their competitors. The most common type or form of differentiation is product differentiation strategy (Valipour, Birjandi, and Honarbakhsh: 144). Other than product differentiation, which is basically the idea behind differentiation, organizations have implemented in other competitive strategies such as differential service strategy, differential personal strategy, differential image strategy, and differential marketing channel strategy. In service differentiation strategy, in the face of strong competition, organizations can put a lot of focus and attention to the service content, the service image and the service channels. Through this route, the organization builds up its own service features which are different from what its competitors are able to offer (Valipour, Birjandi, and Honarbakhsh 2012). This way, the organization achieves competitive advantage in the industry market. The purpose of service differentiation strategy is to highli ght the own advantages of the organization, which makes it distinct from the competition (Valipour, Birjandi, and Honarbakhsh 2012). Differentiated services include effectiveness in delivery, consulting services, customer training, installation, and several other factors. On the other hand, personnel differentiation implies that the organization obtains competitive advantage through hiring the best and talented employees, and then training these people better than their competitors. The characteristic or image of the employees or workplace of the organization is to have excellent and quality-ability team of employees (Valipour, Birjandi, and Honarbakhsh 2012). When employees are effectively trained, motivated and compensated, they stand out. Their standing out is seen in the following components: effective communication skills, responsibility, reliance, credibility, courtesy, and better competence. Organizations with these type or breed of employees improve the competitive advantage of the organization through operational efficiency, reducing wastages and errors, and improving performance (Valipour, Birjandi, and Honarbakhsh 2012). An organization can also build a differentiation strategy through its image and reputation. The image of the organization covers to the publics feelings and views about the products given out, and the organization on its own. Through media campaigns and promotions, the organization can form quality and great reputation and image in the heart of its customers. This is to imply, the unique and excellent image of the corporation improves and creates the loyalty of the customer to the product of the organization. Different factors can shape the image and reputation of the organization: corporate social responsibility activities, the slogan, friendly marketing practices, and improved stakeholder relationships (Valipour, Birjandi, and Honarbakhsh 2012). Common ways through which product differentiation is achieved may take the following: horizontal differentiation, vertical differentiation, continuous improvement strategy, and circular differentiation. In horizontal differentiation, similar products are placed together and then marketed according to quality and price. Usually, it falls on the consumer as a way of inferring higher prices as an indication of top and improved quality (Sun, and Pan 2011). Factors such as reliability, expiration dates, life expectancy, and the production costs can be presented in ways that are likely to appeal to the clients. Vertical differentiation is furthered by the theory that products are not positioned or given ranks using the better versus-worse scale. However, the appeal to personal preferences of the customers are used instead. For instance, marketing chocolate ice cream as objectively better that vanilla ice cream would be an impossible task. The marketing strategies used must have the personal preferences of the customer in mind and appeal to the demographics without the stat us of other products with the same qualities and on a similar vertical place being diminished (Sun, and Pan 2011). Continuous improvement strategy can be achieved by reaching the target audience and customers directly, through criticism and input (Sun, and Pan 2011). Through this platform, consumers are directly involved in creation of better products and services, and more efficient and hence the relationship between the manufacturer and consumer are strengthened. Differentiation strategy in new markets, re-segmented markets and existing markets. In a new market, differentiation strategy, especially when looking at product differentiation is less effective and broader, as the existence of the market has not been established neither does competition exist. Instead of differentiating, it is more effective in new markets to focus on the positioning of the product on the overall problems of the customer and the unique value offered by the strategy or solution (Sun, and Pan 2011). Organ izations must understand that in such environments, customers may not yet have the background knowledge of comprehending the differentiating value of the singular features of the innovation. Organizations who are redefining the existing market either enter niche or low-end markets must shape their product differentiation strategy and positioning strategy for a blend of both of new and existing markets (Sun, and Pan 2011). When organizations are competing in newly created markets, especially the newly segmented ones, the type of product offered are likely to be familiar to the customers and hence the background knowledge may exist for the customers to understand the idea behind product differentiation (Sun, and Pan 2011). Organizations which compete in existing markets must identify ways in which they are positioned in the industry, and especially when the competition is intense and stron...

Florence Mills International Performer

Florence Mills became the first African-American international star in 1923 when she performed in the theatrical production Dover Street to Dixie. Theatrical manager C.B. Cochran said of her opening night performance, â€Å"she owns the house—no audience in the world can resist that.† Years later, Cochran recalled Mills ability to mesmerize audiences by saying â€Å"she controlled the emotions of the audiences as only a true artist can.†   Singer, dancer, comedian Florence Mills was known as the â€Å"Queen of Happiness.† A well-known performer during the Harlem Renaissance and Jazz Age, Mills’ stage presence and soft voice made her a favorite of both cabaret audiences and other artists. Early Life Mills was born Florence Winfrey on January 25, 1896, in Washington D.C. Her parents, Nellie and John Winfrey, were former slaves. Career as a Performer At an early age, Mills began performing as a vaudeville act with her sisters under the name â€Å"The Mills Sisters.† The trio performed along the eastern seaboard for several years before disbanding. Mills, however, decided to continue her career in entertainment. She began an act called â€Å"Panama Four† with Ada Smith, Cora Green, and Carolyn Williams. Mills fame as a performer came in 1921 from her pivotal role in Shuffle Alongi. Mills performed the show and received critical acclaim in London, Paris, Ostend, Liverpool and other cities throughout Europe. The following year, Mills was featured in Plantation Revue. Ragtime composer J. Russell Robinson and lyricist Roy Turk wrote music that displayed Mills’ ability to sing jazz tunes. Popular songs from the musical included â€Å"Aggravatin’ Papa† and â€Å"I’ve Got What it Takes.† By 1923, Mills was considered an international star when theatrical manager C.B. Cochran cast her in the mixed-race show, Dover Street to Dixie.  Ã‚  Ã‚   The following year Mills was the headlining performer at the Palace Theatre. Her role in Lew Leslie’s Blackbirds secured Mills’ place as an international star.  The Prince of Wales saw Blackbirds an estimated eleven times. At home in the United States, Mills received the positive criticism from African-American press outlets. The most notable critic said that Mills was â€Å"an ambassador of goodwill from the blacks to the whites†¦a living example of the potentialities of the Negro ability when given a chance to make good.† By 1926, Mills was performing music composed by William Grant Still. After seeing her performance, actress Ethel Barrymore said, â€Å"I like to remember, too, one evening at Aeolian Hall when a little colored girl named Florence Mills wearing a short white dress, came out on the stage alone to sing a concert. She sang so beautifully. It was a great and thrilling experience.† Personal Life and Death After a four-year courtship, Mills married Ulysses Slow Kid Thompson in 1921. After performing in more than 250 shows in the London cast of Blackbirds, Mills became sick with tuberculosis. She died in 1927 in New York City after undergoing an operation. Media outlets such as Chicago Defender and The New York Times reported that Mills had died from complications associated with appendicitis. More than 10,000 people attended her funeral. Most notably in attendance were civil rights activists such as James Weldon Johnson. Her pallbearers included performers such as Ethel Waters and Lottie Gee. Mills is buried in Woodlawn Cemetery in New York City. Influence on Popular Culture Following Mills’ death, several musicians memorialized her in their songs. Jazz pianist Duke Ellington honored Mills’ life in his song Black Beauty. Fats Waller wrote Bye  Bye Florence. Waller’s song was recorded just a few days after Mills’ death. That same day, other musicians recorded songs such as â€Å"You Live on in Memory† and â€Å"Gone But Not Forgotten, Florence Mills.† In addition to being memorialized in songs, 267 Edgecombe Avenue in Harlem is named after Mills. And in 2012 Baby Flo: Florence Mills Lights Up the Stage was published by Lee and Low.

Database Normalization and Logical Process Concept Paper

Database Normalization and Logical Process Concept paper This short paper will explain with a simple example the process and the need of normalization in the most of the business databases. Complete proposal break down (Timeline phases, Financial phases) will be submitted per management request. Overview At first any database should be designed with the end user in mind. Logical database design, also referred to as the logical model, is the process of arranging data into logical, organized groups of objects that can easily be maintained. The logical design of a database should reduce data repetition or go so far as to completely eliminate it. The needs of the end user should be one of the top considerations when designing a database.†¦show more content†¦Instead of one large table, there are now smaller, more manageable tables: EMPLOYEE_TBL, CUSTOMER_TBL, and PRODUCTS_TBL. The primary keys are normally the first columns listed in a table, in this case: EMP_ID, CUST_ID, and PROD_ID. The objective of the Second normal form is to take data that is only partly dependent on the primary key and enters that data into another table. Figure 3 illustrates the second normal form. According to the figure, the second normal form is derived from the first normal form by further breaking two tables down into more specific units. EMPLOYEE_TBL split into two tables called EMPLOYEE_TBL andEMPLOYEE_PAY_TBL. Personal employee information is dependent on the primary key (EMP_ID), so that information remained in theEMPLOYEE_TBL (EMP_ID, LAST_NAME, FIRST_NAME,MIDDLE_NAME, ADDRESS, CITY, STATE,ZIP, PHONE, and PAGER). On the other hand, the information that is only partly dependent on the EMP_ID (each individual employee) is used to populate EMPLOYEE_PAY_TBL(EMP_ID, POSITION, POSITION_DESC, DATE_HIRE,PAY_RATE, and DATE_LAST_RAISE). Notice that both tables contain the column EMP_ID. This is the primary key of each table and is used to match corresponding data between the two tables. 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Tetracycline Dizziness and Vertigo

Question: Discuss about the Tetracyclinefor Dizziness and Vertigo. Answer: Introduction Bacterial infections are caused when a harmful strain of bacteria enter the body. Less than 1% of the bacteria cause infections inside the body. These pathogenic bacteria are the main cause of symptoms and disease in humans. It causes infections like typhoid, tetanus, food borne diseases, cholera, tuberculosis and leprosy. The bacteria invade the bodies of the human beings and can survive and multiply. The body fluids as plasma is rich in vitamins, sugar and minerals that act as nutrients for the bacterias survival. Bacteria circumvent the immune system of the humans through many strategies. There is molecular mimicry, suppression of the antibiotics or release the antigen directly into the bloodstream. They also adopt strategies that are directed against the phagocytes that are microphages. The suppression of the antibiotics is the best form of attack by the bacteria where they suppress the specific cells that target and react against them. This mechanism is the main targeting site w here the antibiotics work to stop the progression of disease or the pathogenic condition (Nguyen et al., 2014). Out of all antibiotics, tetracycline is a broad spectrum antibiotic that is used extensively to treat bacterial infections. It is prescribed as it prevents the growth and spread of the bacterial infection. It is naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex. This results in the inhibition of protein synthesis. It binds to the 30s ribosomal subunit in the complex of mRNA translation machinery and is called 30s inhibitor. It is 6-carbon ring fused together. It is bacteriostatic in nature; however, it has wide bacterial resistance. It slows down or stops the growth of the cells as it disrupts the processes that lead to synthesis of new proteins. They preferentially bind to the ribosome of the bacteria as there are structural differences in the RNA subunits. The transport system of the bacteria is exploited by tetracycline and that increases the concentration of the antibiotic within the host cell to be higher than the surrounding concentration. In this way, tetracycline works to target the bacteria and stops the progression of the bacterial infection. Current Treatments The drugs within the tetracycline class are tetracycline, chlortetracycline, doxycycline, oxytetracycline and minocycline. However, among all these, doxycycline and minocycline antibiotics are the currently prescribed drugs under tetracycline classification. These kinds of tetracyclines have longer half time and better absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It requires only once-daily administration as the half time is about 17 hours. The adverse events are also of low frequency and less side effects of these drugs. Doxycycline is excreted through intestinal tract and that allows treatment even in the renal insufficiency. The greatest advantage of tetracycline is that they are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. They have a penetration power into the cells and various tissues. Tetracyclines are a broad class of antibiotics effective on gram negative and positive bacteria. The main mechanism of action lies in the inhibition of protein synthesis via binding to the bacterial ribosome 30s. Tetracycline is an effective prescribed anti-malarial drug and effective over many pathogens. It exerts its antibiotic effect by bacterial ribosome binding and as a result, the protein synthesis is arrested. Generally, bacterial ribosomes have a high-binding affinity for the 30s subunit ribosomes and allosteric action of tetracycline when bind to the amino acyl-tRNA at the acceptor site (A-site), protein synthesis is ceased (Forsberg et al., 2015). Minocycline has the ability to cross the cell membranes being a potent anti-apoptotic agent. The mechanism of action lies in targeting the apoptotic signaling pathways. It is a synthetic derivative that is highly active against the resistant bacterial strains like Escherichia coli. According to a study conducted by Vedatam and Moller (2015) showed that this class of tetracycline is highly effective against the 87% of this strain of bacteria. The mechanism of action lies in the cessation of protein synthesis by binding to 30s ribosomal subunit that prevents the binding of tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex and interfere with the protein synthesis. Minocycline has less photosensitisation reaction as compared to other tetracyclines like doxycycline. It has a long half-life of 11 to 23 hours. It has high concentration in the tissues as it is widely distributed in the sputum and cerebrospinal fluid as compared to any other tetracyclines. As compared to blood, its concentration is higher in the body tissues with a percentage of 2 to 4 times higher. This drug has excellent administration in renal impaired patients. Generally, tetracyclines are greatly avoided in the impaired kidney patients, however, minocycline can be used in patients with kidney malfunctioning as the drug is eliminated through gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary tracts. It has low level of bacterial resistance as compared to tetracycline. One of the common resistance mechanisms by the bacteria is that it produces a thick lipid bilayer that does not allow the antibiotic to penetrate. However, minocycline is the most lipid soluble among all the tetracyclines and so it has minimal antibiotic resistance. The biggest disadvantage of minocycline is that it is most expensive than any other tetracyclines. It is highly contradicted in children leading to permanent teeth discoloration and enamel hypoplasia. The long-term consumption of this drug can give rise to complications like lupus-like syndromes leading to autoimmune responses where the body attacks its own cells. There are many symptoms of serum sickness-like reactions (SSLR) also occur where there is delayed allergic reaction and the bodys immune system interprets the drug as a foreign material. There is also intracranial hypertension or pseudotumor cerebri developed as a rare condition due to minocylcine use. Some vestibular side effects are also witnessed in minocycline and not in any other tetracyclines. It can cause nausea, severe dizziness, vomiting, ataxia and vertigo. According to a study conducted by Chang, A.K. and Olshaker (2014) vertigo was seen in 86% of the individuals. Hyper pigmentation is also manifested as a potent ial irreversible reaction. The hyper pigmentation of the skin increases with the duration of use, however, it is dose independent in nature. The daily administration of large amounts of ascorbic acid can help to prevent the hyper pigmentation. Doxycycline are tetracyclines that are absorbed readily and bind to the plasma proteins at varying concentrations. They are concentrated in the bile by the liver and in the excretion in the urine and faeces in a biologically active form at high concentrations. It works by inhibiting the matrix metalloproteinases that contribute to activities of tissue destruction. After the oral administration, they are virtually readily absorbed. The half-life of this drug does not change in people with renal function impairment. It has the ability to inhibit the protein synthesis of the bacteria by binding to the 30s ribosomal subunit. It has a bacteriostatic activity against the gram negative and gram-positive bacteria. The greatest advantage of this drug is that it has excellent safety with least adverse effects (Stone et al., 2016). It is highly suitable for the impaired renal function patients as it is eliminated via non-renal modes with no accumulation. The half-life is also long with once or twice daily dosing. It is highly effective against all kind of common pathogens that are likely to cause infections in upper respiratory tract like Streptococcus pneumonia. It has great anti-inflammatory effects and against the penicillin-resistant pathogens. It is also effective in inhibiting the metalloproteinases that are enzymes inhibit the gelatine and collagen production. Most importantly, this drug does not affect the intestinal flora as it is completely absorbed in the body. However, there are some disadvantages of Doxycycline. According to a study conducted by Dubey et al., (2015) showed that photosensitivity reaction manifested as an adverse effect of this drug. There is also a risk for intracranial hypertension and oesophageal ulceration. Moreover, prolonged use can result in superinfection. Structure-Activity-Relationships (SARs) of Tetracyclines There are a series of compounds that are developed to inhibit the 30s ribosomal subunit that is targeted by tetracycline. Neomycin and paromomycin are the aminoglycosides that were examined in bacterial cells Escherichia coli that have an inhibitory effect on the 30s ribosomal subunit. These drugs inhibit the protein synthesis, viable cell number and growth rate of the bacteria with inhibitory concentration of 50%. Paromomycin stimulate mistranslation via locking of the 30s particle so that mismatching of the base pair is stimulated in the presence of these antibiotics. This mechanism greatly suggest that these drugs affect the 30s ribosomal particle function having an inhibitory activity on the growing bacterial cells. The mode of action of these aminoglycosides is to inhibit the protein synthesis via pleiotrpic actions leading to alteration in translation at the steps of initiation, elongation and termination. The naturally occurring crystal structure of the antibiotics and the semi-synthetic structures bound to the ribosomal particles have an insight into the facilitation and designing of the drugs targeting bacteria. These drugs causes misreading on the 30s subunit and paromomycin stimulate mistranslation by locking to 30s particle conformation so that the base pairs mismatch as stimulated by these antibiotics. Neomycin also works in a similar fashion locking the conformation that prevents the 30s subunit conformation and in turn prevents the synthesis and maturation of the 50s ribosomal subunit. In some bacterial cells, the accumulation and turnover of 30s stalled precursor particle that is combined with the inhibition of translation account for the antibiotic bacteriocidal activity (Zimmermann et al., 2016). Examples of naturally occurring tetracycline drugs are chlortetracycline, tetracycline and oxytetracycline. The semi-synthetic drugs are minocycline, methacycline and meclocycline. Based on the duration of action, tetracycline and chlortetracycline have half life of 6 to 8 hours. The drugs with immediate acting with half life of 12 hours like in metacycline and demeclocycline. The long acting drugs are 16 hours or more like doxycycline and minocycline. Tetracycline is used for the treatment of various diseases including the gram negative bacterial infections. In pneumonia, tetracycline travels through the membranes via the porin channels and gets accumulated in the periplasmic space. The movement through the cytoplasmic membrane is driven by the energy of proton motive force. After tetracycline enters the bacterial cell, it bind reversibly to the 30s ribosomal subunit of the prokaryote that stops the protein synthesis. A novel synthetic protocol for the synthesis of tetracycline analogs involves the synthesis of tetracycline ring system where a highly functionalised chiral enone (5) acts as the key intermediate using a convergent synthesis. This approach is useful for the preparation of hexacylcines, pentacylcines, C5-substituted or unsubstituted tetracyclines, 6-hydroxytetracyclines and tetracyclines with heterocyclic D-rings. The first step is the reaction of the enone with the anion that is formed by the deprotonation of the toluene (6) or benzylic halide undergoing metallation. This toluene deprotonation is useful in the preparation of 6-deoxytetracyclines that are without or with C5 substituent as well as for the pentacyclines. For this protocol, any kind of organometallic reagent can also be added during the cyclization process. The structure activity relationships (SAR) of tetracyclines are synthesized to create new antibiotics that can overcome the resistance mechanisms of tetracycline mechanisms. It is the relationship between the chemical structure and its biological activity of the molecule. The SAR analysis helps to determine the chemical group that is responsible for evoking the target biological effect in the body (Marczak, Grabowski and Feder 2015). An active tetracycline has antibacterial activity that have a DCBA naphthacene ring that is linearly arranged with an A-ring C1-C3 diketo substructure. It also have an exocyclic C2 amide or carbonyl group. They act as protein synthesis inhibitors in the bacteria that need the amino group at teh C4 position and keto-enolic tautomers at the C1 and C3 positions of the A ring. The amino group that is present at the C4 position plays an important role in the antibacterial mechanism. The dimethylamino group at the C4 position with natural 4S isomer is pivotal for the optimization of antibacterial activities. The epimerization that occurs at the 4R isomer greatly decreases the activity of the Gram-negative bacteria. The chemical modification of the amide group at the C5 and C9 position greatly affects the bioactivity and are designed to generate antibacterial activities at varying degrees. In the tetracycline structure, the D ring is subjected to maximum change as it is highly flexible. The modifications done at the groups R1, R2 and R3 allows high bacterial specificity and in fulfilling the demands of the changing pharmacokinetics. This varying and flexible structure of tetracycline makes them effective antibiotics against bacterial infections. Ongoing Research and Future Directions Extensive research is going on identifying the tetracycline-resistant strains of bacteria to understand the underlying mechanism that leads to resistance. Moreover, there is also ongoing research to study and identify the sites of the resistant pathogens so that the risk of exposure can be reduced in the bacterial infection. There is also research going on in identifying the specific genes that are responsible for the resistance. By identifying the resistant genes, it would be easy to develop methods that inactivate these genes. There is ongoing research to study the tetracycline-resistant determinants like tetA, tetB and tetC genes. These genes are responsible for pumping out of tetracycline from the bacterium called tetracycline efflux. The gene tetM, tetracycline resistant gene is under investigation that is found in gram negative and positive bacteria (Daghrir and Drogui 2013). Although extensive research has been made to enhance the antibacterial activity of the tetracycline drugs, there is limited research made to reduce the anti-bacterial resistance. Despite of the new developments that are being made to study the bacterial resistance leading to development of new antibiotics, bacteria are continuing to evolve and develop resistance. Future research is required that would help to study the bacterial resistance and would be beneficial to develop new antibiotics. The investigations into the genetic mechanisms are required so that the underlying resistance mechanisms can be understood. As research progresses, study of antibiotic resistance should focus on the mechanisms of tetracycline efflux, ribosome protection and modification of tetracycline (Sharma et al. 2016). Tetracycline class acts as protein synthesis inhibitors and the investigation of these compound series helps to understand the underlying mechanism that is involved in the bacterial resistance. The series of the tetracycline compounds could also be improved to understand the underlying mechanisms involved in the progression of bacterial infection and ways to inhibit it through the development of the drugs. This tetracycline series could be further improved or progressed to the clinical trials as it is a broad spectrum of antibiotics. It has the capacity to alleviate many neurological disorders like multiple sclerosis. This involves the anti-apoptotic effects of tetracycline that can be utilized through randomized control trails. Moreover, doxycycline under tetracycline class can also be improved through gene therapy via plasmid that encodes tumor necrosis factor-alpha for the treatment of arthritis. Tetracycline has poor affinity for 80s eukaryotic ribosomes and weak in inhibiting protein synthesis. Therefore, clinical trials can prove to improve this activity of tetracyclines. It can also be improved and used as tool to study the gene function. Furthermore, it can also be used in clinical trials to study the gene alteration that contribute to the tetracycline expression and related phenotypic consequences. It can be improved to increase the efficiency of the antimicrobials against the gram-negative multidrug-resistant bacteria. It can also be progressed to clinics for studying the development of drug-resistance in bacteria so that it is able to maintain the effectiveness of the antibacterial drugs (Myers et al. 2016). References Chang, A.K. and Olshaker, J.S., 2014. Dizziness and vertigo.Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Mosby. Daghrir, R. and Drogui, P., 2013. Tetracycline antibiotics in the environment: a review.Environmental Chemistry Letters,11(3), pp.209-227. Dubey, K.K., Agrawal, D., Soni, S.L., Namdev, A. and Singh, S.P., 2015. A Review On Oro-Dispersible Doxycycline TabletsAsian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol,3(6), pp.1-10. Forsberg, K.J., Patel, S., Wencewicz, T.A. and Dantas, G., 2015. The tetracycline destructases: a novel family of tetracycline-inactivating enzymes.Chemistry biology,22(7), pp.888-897. Marczak, M., Grabowski, T. and Feder, M., 2015. Relationship between Tetracyclines Structure and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration of Streptococcus spp.Drug research,65(08), pp.410-415. Myers, A.G., Charest, M.G., Lerner, C.D., Brubaker, J.D. and Siegel, D.R., Fellows Of Harvard College, 2016.Synthesis of tetracyclines and analogues thereof. U.S. Patent 9,365,493. Nguyen, F., Starosta, A.L., Arenz, S., Sohmen, D., Dnhfer, A. and Wilson, D.N., 2014. Tetracycline antibiotics and resistance mechanisms.Biological chemistry,395(5), pp.559-575. Sharma, V.K., Johnson, N., Cizmas, L., McDonald, T.J. and Kim, H., 2016. A review of the influence of treatment strategies on antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes.Chemosphere,150, pp.702-714. Stone, L.K., Baym, M., Lieberman, T.D., Chait, R., Clardy, J. and Kishony, R., 2016. Compounds that select against the tetracycline-resistance efflux pump.Nature Chemical Biology,12(11), pp.902-904. Vedatam, S. and Moller, A.R., 2015. Minocycline: a novel stroke therapy.J Neurol Stroke,2(6), p.00073. Zimmermann, L., Das, I., Dsir, J., Sautrey, G., Barros RS, V., El Khoury, M., Mingeot-Leclercq, M.P. and Dcout, J.L., 2016. New Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Amphiphilic Aminoglycosides Active against Resistant Bacteria: From Neamine Derivatives to Smaller Neosamine Analogues.Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,59(20), pp.9350-9369.